Screw and washer assembly machine



' Nov. 24, 1942.

c. G. oLsoN 2,303,225 SCREW AND WASHER ASSEMBLY MACHINE I Filed July 8, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 .150

Nov. 24, 1942. c, G, OLSON SCREW AND WASHER ASSEMBLY MACHINE Filed July 8, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 0650M Ca m5 G ATTORNEYJ' OLSON SCREW .ujn WASHER ASSEMBLY MIACHINE Filed y 8; 1959 fs ifi-sheet 3 NHQ Nov. 24, 1942. G, OLSON 2,303,225

2 SCREW AND WASHER ASSEMBLY MACHINE Filed 'July 8, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I INVENTOR. BY. CarZ 'afllam TTORNEY.

sembly mechanism.

Patented Nov. 24, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE zsoazzs scar-1w AND wasnan assmmu out at Olson, Chicago, m, assignor at Illinois Tool Works, Chicago, lll., a corporation c1111!- nols I I application m 8. i939. semi No. 283,313

This invention relates a machine or mechanism for assembling screw and washer elements, and more particularly to a machine or mechanism for assembling washers with threaded screw elements having an enlarged portion beneath the head of the screw with which the washer is Q frictionally associated or on which it is retained by a swedging of the screw or washer.

It is an object of this invention to provide simplified washer and screw feedingmeans and assembly mechanism cooperating with such feed- 13 Claims. (Cl. 2944) showing the positionsof certain parts of the assembly mechanism if no washer is present at the point of assembly.

. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the screw receiving and conveying jaws of the assembly mecha- F g. 9 is a fragmentary plan view of the washer 'conveyon'a portion of the assemblymechanism,

'thewasher sensing means, the screw conveyor,

the screw chute andthe guide chute for the assembled units. I

ing means to telescope the screws and washers.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an assembly mechanism which not only telescopes a screw into fa washer, but at the same time causes aninterlocking of thevgasher with the screw so that permanently assembled units of screws. and washers are provided by this as- Applicants invention has as another object the provision of a machine or mechanism wherein the washer conveyor which forms a part of such machine or mechanism remains operative after the washers have been assembled with screws to convey the assembled units away from the point *of assembly.

A further object of .the invention is to provide .in a screw and washer assembly mechanism or machine a washer feeding rotary member directly receiving washers from a washer hopper conveying them to a point at which screws are 10 is a fragmentary plan view with certain elements broken away for illustrating the operation of the washer conveyor and the washer sensing means.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view in perspective lllustrating the driving mechanism for the washer feed means. a I

' Fig. 12 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially along the line l2--l2 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 13 is a view in vertical section of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 12, but with the parts in a different position of operation.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary enlarged viewillustrating one form of an assembly umt produced by the machine .of this invention.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary view in horizontal section taken along the line l5'-i5 of Fig. 14.

assembled therewith and then in the continued movement of the ,rotary member conveying the. assembled units away from this point.

It is an additional object of the present invention to provide an attachment or attachments for a standard or well-known punch press orsimilar machine whereby said'punch press or similar machine may be readily converted into a machine for assembling screws and washers.

Other andfurther objects and advantages of I the invention will be apparent from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of a machine. em-. bodying the invention. g

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in elevation and partly in longitudinal section through -the screw conveyor and hopper.

Fig. 3 is a'plan view of in Fig. 2. e

Fig.4 is a fragmentary vertical section taken along the line 44 of Fig. 2 w Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view in vertical elevation partly in section, through the washer feed means and the assembly mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view partly in section the mechanism Fig. 16 is a fragmentary plan view of the washer conveyor provided with means for upsetting the metal of the screw element.

Fig. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary view partly in section andpartly broken away for illustrating a second form of assembled screw and washer unit and showing how .the metal of the screw element isupset by the means shown in Fig. 16.

As shown in the drawings, the machine which forms one embodimentof the present invention comprises a punch press machine 2 of standard or guide chute I4 for discharging the'as'sembled screw and washer units, a drive attachment I! for the washer feed mechanism, and a drive attachmeat It for the assembly mechanism II.

The punch press-machine comprises a main base or pedestal IS; an auxiliarybase or body 2. angularly adjustable on the base It; a press or ram 22 vertically reciprocable in a guide 24 and power actuated from a crank shaft 28 through a suitable crank not shown.

' the-hopper spaced bars 32 by brackets 34 2 The hgmer and feed mechanism for the screws As shown in Figs. 1 to 5, thehopper 4 and feed mechanism 6 for the screws comprise a hopper casting having forwardly and downwardly converging side walls 26 and inclined rear wall 30,

secured to the side walls 28 and to the bars 32. The bars 32 are in turn mounted upon the upstanding web 36 of a mounting casting 31 having an' L-shaped laterally extending flange portion 38 adapted to be bolted or otherwise secured to the bed plate 46 of the punch press 2 at its forward edge. The bars 52 are mounted at their lower. ends on a bracket 42 secured to the web 36 and at their upper ends are received within a cut-away rim portion of the disc or discs 44 pinned or bolted to the web 36.

The hopper is provided with a baiiie wall or plate 46 inclined oppositely to the rear wall 60 and extending between the side walls 28, the rear wall 60 and the baffle plate 46 terminating at their lower edges somewhat above the surface of the bars 52. Itis to benoted that the walls 26 andwalls. The bottom opening of the hoppfir is closed by an endless, preferably metallic, band 48 which moves along the upper surface of the bars 32. A resilient plate 50 secured to the rear wall 20 of the hopper as .bythe screw 52 extends forwardly of the rear wall toward the battle plate 46 to provide a resilient wall section at the mouth of the opening preventing jamming of the screws between the walls ofthe hopper and between the hopper walls and the tape 48 or the bars 52.

The endless band 48 is received in an annular groove or track ofa drive pulley or sprocket 64 turn being intermittently driven by a pair'of being mounted on inclined laterally pawls 66 and 68 carried by and joumalled on a pivot pin 10' secured at an intermediate-point to "a lever 12 journalled on the shaft 62 and held against axial movement by the nut 14 and a shoulder formed on the bushing I6. The lever I2 and the pawls 66 and 68 are continuously driven or oscillated by an electric motor or other suitable prime mover 18 secured to the casting 21 and geared to a drive pulley 80 which through a belt 82 drives a pulley 64. The pulley 84 is secured to one end of a shaft 86 'journalied in the web 36 of the casting '31 and a bracket 88' mounted on the lower lateral flange 60 of the casting 31. A disc or crank 62 is secured to the other end of the shaft 66 and is connected to the lever 12 by a link or pitman 64 pivotally associated with the free end of the lever 12 and with the crank or disc'92.

A spring 96 connects the pawls 66 and 68 and urges them into engagement with the ratchet 64. A cam plate 96 fixed to the 'web 36 controls the pawl 68, which pawl causes the ratchet to rotate backwardly during a certain portion ofits cycle of operation. This reverse motion of the ratchet and the consequent reverse movement of the band 46 cause the screws more readily. to position themselves in the openings and in an annular groove or track of the fixed disc or discs 44. The endless band in its lower flight passes over idler pulley 56 rotatably mo'unted on the web 36 between the pulley or sprocket 64 and the disc or discs 44. The drive pulley or sprocket 54 is preferably provided with a plurality of angularly spaced protuberances or sprocket teeth 58 receivable within longitudinally spaced circular apertures in the endless band 48-, whereby the'band 48 is driven by the wheel 64. The band 48 is additionally provided with a plurality of longitudinally spaced, relatively elongated apertures or openings 60 to receive the screws from the hopper 4. The openings 60 are each of a width very slightly greater than the diameter of the shank of the particular size screws to be fed. -To accommodate screws of different sizes, bands 48 having openings 60 of different widths will be provided. In order to permit ready substitution of one band for another, the pulley or sprocket 54 and the disc 44 may be made in detachable sections and the idler pulley 56 adjustably mounted so as to be disengaged from the hand during removal or replacement thereof. The openings 60 are relatively elongated so that each opening accommodates several screws and so as to receive a screwwhich although positioned in transverse alignment with the opening, may be tilted at a vertical angle with respect to the surface of the band 48 The pulley or sprocket wheel 54 is fixed to a shaft 62 journalled in the web 36 and extending therethrough. The shaft 62 is driven by a ratchet wheel 64 secured to the shaft 62, the ratchet in 60 in the band 48. Upon this reverse movement of the band 48, the screws at the bottom of the hopper a d those partially positioned in the openings 60 of,the band 46 might tend to jam in the hopper orjam between so as to crush the screws or damage the band,

and to prevent this, a resilient member I00 is provided and is secured to the hopper by the screw 52. 'The outer free end portion of the member I00 rests fiatwise against the surface of the band as shown in Fig. 2 and extends forwardly beyond the resilient plate 50. The member I00 yields rearwardly upon reverse movement of the band and by engagement with the lowermost screws in'the hopper and the screws on theband applies thereto a force which prevents the jamming of the screws upon the reverse movement of the band.

Stripper springs I02 each of generally U- shaped configuration in horizontal section are secured to the side walls 26 of the hopper adjacent its forward end and have theirlower extremities overlapped 'in alignment. with the openings 60 in. the band 48- and are so elevated upon the surface of the band so that such improperly'positioned screws are dislodged from the surface of the band and caused to return toward the plate 46 of the hopper or are shifted relative to the band into proper position relative thereto.

The inclined guide or feeding chute 6 comprises a pair of bars I04 and I06 spaced apart a distance somewhat greater than the maximum diameter of the screw shank, but somewhat less than the diameter of the screw head 'so that the screws will slide by gravity algng these bars. The bars I04 and I06 are mounted upon supportting brackets I08 for adjustment relative to each other to accommodate different sizes of screws, and the brackets I08 are in turn secured to the bed plate 40 of the punch press and the supporting base for the washer hopper and feed mechanism I0 and the assembly mechanism I2. A

the hopper and the band therefrom to the disc or discs 44 and at their free ends press against the surfaceof the band at a point where the band curves downwardly so as to engagebe'neath the head of a screw as it reaches this point; The weight of the suspended shank of each screw tends to cause the screw to assume a vertical position wherefore the forward edge of the head of each screw is spaced slightly from the. surface of the band at the point where the fingers l I engage the band and consequently the screws arev removed from the band and slide between the fingers onto the bars I04 and I 06.

' The operation of the screw feeding mechanism 6 is as follows:

As the disc 92 rotates in a clockwise direction, the pitman 94 moves from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2, the leading edge of the pawl 66 engages the tooth of the ratchet 64- and causes the ratchet to revolve in a clockwise direction, this movement of the ratchet causing, through the sprocket 54, the band 48 to advance screws toward the guide chute 8. As the pitman approaches the end of a stroke in this direction, the free end of the pawl 68 engages the cam 98. The angular face of the cam causes the pawl 68 to revolve slightly and disengage. the ratchet 64. As the pitman continues to the end of its stroke and starts 'to return, the-cam 08 keeps the pawl 68 out of engagement with the ratchet until the toothed edge of the pawl, which formerlyrested between two as at II8 to the web 36. When by reason of the energization of the solenoid II4, the lever II6=-is' moved in a clockwise direction as seen in Fig? 2, it is positioned to engage the, free end of the pawl 66 as the pitman approaches its limit of movement to the right and as the pitman then moves-to the left, retains the pawl 66 out of engagement with the ratchet until the tooth the ratchet so that the pawl 66 moves freely about the periphery of the ratchet. The pawl 66, having moved freely over the ratchet in a clockwise direction, the pawl 68 upon. the fol- When by reason of the operation of the assembly mechanism I2, screwsare withdrawn from the guiding and feeding chute 8, the screw which completed the electrical connection between the plates II2 passes downwardly from these plates and the circuit to the solenoid H4 is thereupon broken. .The lever .6 by reason of its own weight and the weight of the armature of .the

adjacent teeth of the ratchet, clears the forward face of the following tooth of the ratchet, and as the pitman continues its return, the pawl 68 rests upon the periphery of the-ratchet and finally slides into the succeeding groove between the next adjacent pair of ratchet teeth somewhat before the pitman has completed its return movement, As the pitman completes this return movement, the pawl 68 causes the ratchet to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction and the band 48 therefore to move toward the left in Fig. 2. This movement of the band to the left solenoid, movesin a counter-clockwise direction out of the path of" movement of the pawl 66. Hence upon the next movement of the pitman .94 to the left, the pawl 66 effects a feeding movement of the band 48.

The washer hopper and washer feed mechanism The washer hopper and washer .feed mechanism comprises as best shown in Figs. 1 and 6 and 9 to 11 a ring I20 bolted or otherwise secured'to a base plate' I 22 in turn mounted on or formed with a plate I24 secured to the bed plate 40 of the punch press 2. The plate I22 is cut away at its rear portion to form a housing. chamber I26 for a portion of the driving mechanism of the washer feed mechanism. The ring I20 forms a guide and bearing for a rotary washer feed'plate or disc I28 which is provided serves to agitate the mass of screw blanks in the .hopper and, with the resilient members 50, I00,

and I02, facilitates the feeding of the screws to the apertures 60 in the band 48 and their proper positioning therein. The pitman 94 having completed its movement to the rightfnow begins its movement to the left, during all'of which movement the pawl 66 engages the next ratchet tooth and moves the ratchet counter-clockwise in an are equal, for example, to one and one-third ratchet teeth, the pawl 68 on the other hand moving the ratchet rearwardly during its effective engagement therewith a distance equal, for example, to two-thirdsof a ratchet tooth. It

will therefore be apparent. that the band 48 moves intermittently first in a direction to the right as seen in Fig. 2, and then in a directionto the left, but the movement to the right is substantially greater thanthe movement to the left so that the band therefore with an interrupted motion feeds the screws from the hopper 4 to the guiding and feeding chute 8.

In order to prevent operation of the feeding mechanism 6 when the guiding and feeding chute 8 contains a full complement of screws,

the guide bars I04 and I06 are provided with contact members II2 insulated therefrom and electrically connected to a power source not shown and to a solenoid H4. The solenoid II4 through its armature controls a lever II6 pivoted with a plurality of angularly. spaced outwardly opening peripheral recesses or notches I30 to receive the washers." The disc-at its periphery is of a thickness not substantially greater than the thickness of the washers to be handled.

The disc I28 forms one wall of a washer hopper of which the remaining wall is formed by an annular shell or plate I32 secured to the ring I20 and'extending circumferentially of the ring through an arcuate distance somewhat less than 270 degrees. The disc I28 is fastened to the upper end of a shaft I34 as ,by a screw I36, the

shaft I84 passing into the chamber I26 and having secured to its lower end a feed ratchet and index plate I38.

The plate I38 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction by a pawl I40 pivoted to a slide bar I42 slidably mounted in guides I445 secured to the plate I24. A spring strip I46 fyieldably I urges the pawl I40 into engagement with the teeth of the ratchet plate I38.

An indexing finger I48 is carried by a bell crank I50 pivoted as at I52 to the plate I24 within the chamber I26. The indexilnger I48 is urged toward the ratchet plate into engagement therewith by a sp ing I54 interposed between one arm of the betz fixed to the plate I24 or th'eplate I22.- The bell crank I50 is rotated in a clockwise/direction to release the index finger I48 from the ratchet during its operation by/ the pawl I40, by means gage a pin I60 secured to one arm of the bell 'end of the pawl has cleared the next tooth of crank and a block I56 In the III, the'bar I88 spaced inclined bars I08 rear of the angular cam face is provided with a portion I82 extending. parallel the bar I42 so that during I88 across the portion I82, is held in released position.

Y A crank I84 secured to a stud shaft I88 drives the slidebar I42 through a ball and socket joint movement of the pin the index finger I48 I88. The shaft I88 is journalled in brackets I18 fixed to the plate I24 and to the shaft there is secured at its outward end a crank I12. A connecting rod I14 is connected to the crank I12 by a ball and socket joint I18 and the connecting rod I14 is driven by the crank shaft 28 of the punch press machine, the connecting rod' being pivoted to a block I18 adiustably mounted in a slot I80 extending diametrically of a disc I82 secured tothe crank shaft 28. g I A pair of radial baiiies I84 secured to the hopper shell I32 at angularly spaced points are spaced at their lower edges slightly above the disc I28 to assure placement of washers in the tothe path of movement of I.

asoaaas formed bythe arcuate bar I04, and the circumrecesses I and to retain the mass of .washers against rotation with the disc I28..

Short radial baflles arealso secured to the hopper shell I82 at angularly spaced points and each provides a lower edge I88 spaced from the upper surface of the disc I28 a distance slightly greater than the thickness of a washer and a depending finger I80 extending almost to but spaced from the circumference of the disc a .distance slightly less than-thediameter of a washer. The finger I80 istherefore positioned to engage the external teeth of a lock washer which may-have ,become interlocked with a washer in one of the-recesses I30 and be fed by the disc in superimposed position in respect to the washer in the recess, I, e finger I90 in engaging the external teeth 0" 'this superimposed washer applies thereto, as

I88 of resilient material the surface of the disc,

the disc I28 is roferentially recessedportion of the ring I20 to the chute I4 and between the bars I08 and I98 forming this-chute. As the disc continues to rotate, the inner surface of the bar I08 engages the shank of'the screw and thereby extracts the assembled unit from the disc.

The operation of the washer feed mechanism is substantially as follows: As the crank shaft 28 in the punch press rotates, the connecting rod I14 moves up and down and through the crank I12 causes the shaft I88 to oscillate. Upon oscillation, the shaft I88 causes the bar I42 to move forwardly and then backwardly. The bar I42 in moving forwardly carries the cam bar I58 into": by the bell index finger I48 from As the bar I42 the bar I42 moves rearwardly, the pawl I40 en-- gages the ratchet I88 and causes this ratchet to tated, a force tending to rotate the superimposed washer to release the washers from each other so that only one washer will be fed at a time to' the point of assembly.

The disc I28 not units from the point of assembly to the guide chute I4, which discharges the assembled-units from the machine into a suitable receptacle such as shown at I92 in Fig. 1; For this purpose the ring I20 is circumferentially recessed through an arc of substantially 90 degrees to form one wall of a guide for the shanks of the screws as the assembled units are fed from the point of assem bly to the feed chute I4. The other wall of this I only feeds washers to the point of assembly, but also feeds the assembled guide is formed by an' arcuate bar I04 adjustably secured inany convenient manner to the surface of the plate I22 or to the circumference of the ring I20.

The chute I4 preferably comprisesa pair of and I98 adjustably secured to the plate I22 to provide a screw receiving, channel extending substantially tangentially to the disc I28 and extending from this disc rearwardly of the machine between the upstanding legs of the auxiliary base or body 20 of the punch press.

The chute 8 which supplies the screws to the assembly means I2 feeds the screws along a path lying in a plane extending radially with respect to the washer feed disc I28 and as will presently appear, the assembly means selects the foremost screw at the lower-end of the chute 8 and ingerts it into a washer positioned in a recess I30 rotate through a given angular distance in a counterclockwise direction as seen in Fig. 11,

thereby causing the washer feed disc I28 also to move in a counterclockwise direction to position the next succeeding washer at the assembly point. During this rearward movement of the bar I42, the parallel portion I82 leaves the pin I80 which then engages but the index finger I48 is not thenlmo'ved into engagement with a groove between the ratchet teeth-at the plate I88, but rides upon the periphery of one of these ratchet teeth until when the plate I38 has moved the desired angular distance, the index finger I48 is aligned with such a groove and the spring I54 thereupon snaps this index finger thereinto to prevent overfeed-- ing of the ratchet and the disc and to insure that the washers are'positioned precisely at the point of assembly.

The assembly mechanism cranks, the outwardly extending arms 2I I engaging depending projections 2I2 of a bar 2 slidably mounted ona ram or plunger 2I8. The slide bar .or shaft 208 is slidably mounted in a sleeve 2 I8 secured to a tubular housing 220 bolted or otherwise fastened to the arm 222 of a bracket 224 bolted to the plate I22. A brake member or block 228 of friction material is mounted in anopening in the, housing 220 and extends through an opening in the sleeve 2I8 into engagement with the slide bar or shaft 208 and is held frictionally in engagement with the slide bar by spring strips 228 and 288. The spring strip 280 is secured at its upper end to a pin 232 slidably received in an opening in the housing lies in this radial plane and,

clockwise as seen in Fig. v

the parallel portion I82 of the the angular face I88,

of the slide bar and V 2,808,226 220 and bears at its lower end against the block 226. The spring strip 228 is superimposed upon the strip 230 and both spring strips are adjustably mounted upon the housing 220 as bythe screw 234. It willbe evident that the block 226 of friction material resiliently pressed against the surface of the slide bar 206, acts to hold the slide against movement underthe action of.

gravity and retains the slide bar -in every operated position against inadvertent movement.

The ram or plunger 216 is slidably-mounted in a sleeve 236 in turn slidably mounted in the slide bar or shaft 206, th'esleeve 236 projecting below' 2 the shoulder 238 of the slide bar and being provided at its lower end with an annular shoulder 246 adapted to engage the shoulder 238 .to limit the up movement of the sleeve 236 relative to the slide bar 206. The bar 2|4 is yieldably and resiliently associated with the slide bar 206 by springs 242 interposed between the shoulder 236 the upper surface of the bar 2.

The ram or plunger 216 is adjustably secured to the sleeve 236 as by 'extemal threads 244 formed at the upper end of the plunger and en 1 gaging the internal threads 246 at the upper end of the sleeve. A- clampingnut 246 retains the plunger in adjusted position relative to the sleeve 236. V I j The drive. attachment 16 for connecting the assembly mechanism to the ram 22 of the'punch press machine preferably comprises a:cup -shaped on the sleeve 236 beneath the-lower pair of adjusting and clamping nuts 262 and in 'a position to engage the upper end of the slidebar 206 when this limited downward been accomplished. r

The assembly mechanism -'hereinbefore described cooperates with the washer feed-mechanism to provide as articles of commerce the preassembled threaded fasteners and lock washers forming the subject matter of applicant's Patent No.'2,150,126, issued March 7, 1939. To facilitate the clear understanding of the present invention; such preassembled fastener units are.

, illustrated herein in Figs. 14 and 15. As shown in these figures, the'screw 216, of which the 'screw 'head'218 forms a part has a threaded shank portion 260. the threads of which ter- -minate a certain distance 'below the head 216 "annular. body 264 of spring stock having themember or sleeve 250 closed at its lower end and .adjustably secured to the sleeve 236, the sleeve 236 passing through an enlarged opening in the closed end of the sleeve 250 and being adjustably secured thereto as by opposed pairs of adjusting and clamping nuts 262 positioned to engage opposite surfaces of this bottom portion 'of the sleeve 250. The sleeve, 250 is slidably received in the centrally bored lower end portion'of the ram 22, but is normally locked against sliding movement relative to the ram 22 byga pin 254 slidably mounted in atransverse opening in the ram 22 and receivablewithin a transverse opening 256 in the sleeve 260. The pin 254 is secured to or formed integrally with the armature 'of a solenoid 256secured to a plate 260 fastened in any convenient manner to-the lower end of the ram 22. The pin 254 is normally urged into the locking position shown in Fig. 6 by a coil spring 262 embracing the pin 254'and interposed between a collar 264 secured to the pin and the frame of the solenoid in which the pin is slidably mounted atoneend." g

The screw receiving jaw members 260' are normal ly held in closed position underthe action I '.of the springs 242 pressing against the bar 2 which engages thejaw members outwardly of.

their pivots 202 and'therefore normally urges these jaw members toward each other to a closed screw receiving position. Movement of the jaw members oppositely to each other and into an open position is effected by a pair of adjustable set screws 266 (as shown in Fig. 12), the screws 266. beingjthreaded into the laterally bent end portions 268 of fixed bars 210'secured in any con venientmanner to the tubular housing,2 20.

to'provide a, lock washer retaining section 262 between. the head and the thread of the screw.

The lock washer may be of any desired conventionalstruoture, preferably of the type having an prongs 286 which are so twisted, warped or deflected as to present oppositely disposed work engaging edges which project beyond the annular wall of the body 264. The lock 'washer retaining section 282 .includes a plurality of lock washer engaging protuberances 260' extending axially of the retainingsection, formed integrallywith said section, and spaced angularly about the periphery thereof. The diameter of the central aperture in the lockwasheris slightly less than the maximum diameter of the screw shank taken across the protuberances 268, but the diameterof this 'lock washer aperture is slightly greater than the V external diametenofthe threaded portion of the screw shank. Thus in assembling the lock 'washerwith the screw, the, shank of the-screw having been insertedthrough-tthe central aperture of the lock washer, the wall defining the lock washer aperture shears or swedgesits way along the protuberances 266. To facilitate. this shearing or swedging, the'side walls of each pro- 1 tuberance converge toward their lower edges, and their loweredges are tapered as shown in Fig. '14.

The tapered lower edges of the protuberances act also to facilitate the centering of the washer on the retaining section of the screw shank. As shown in-these figures, particularly Fig. 15, the

protuberances 288 bite into the aperture defining wall of-thelock washer. and-frictionally retain the washer in permanently-assembled relation Clamp nuts 212 retain the setscrews 266 in adjusted position.

v In operation, the rain or plunger 216 and the, sleeve 236 "have a limited movement downwardly relative to the slide bar or shaft 206 and this limited relative movement is determined by a pair of adjusting and clamping nuts 214 threaded beneath the screw head. a modified preas'sembled fastener and washer swedged from the lower edge of the section 290 so that the an'-. nular portion 296 'is of an external diameter greater than the diameter of the central aperture of the lock washer. The retaining lip .266 is preferably formed by a hardened steel, generally crescent-shaped annulus 300 set into and lying I flush with the upper'surface .of the ring I26 and Y the arcuate bar I94 at the point of assembly as shown in Figs. 16 and 1'1. The edges of the open- 111g. 302 of the annulus 300 are aligned with the edges of the guide chute formed by the circumferentlally relieved surface of the ring I20 and the bar I64. It will be evident that a screw having been inserted in a washer positioned upon the relative movement has I annulus m, the application of a downward force to thehead of a screw will cause an" extrusion of the metal at the lower edgeoi' the retaining section 220 so as to-io'rm the annular washer retaininglip 298. The annulus Ill! may alsobe used in forming (the preassembled units of Figs. 14-15, and the lower edges of theribs 2 therefore swedged outwardly to form an annular rib additionallyor alternatively preventing axial movement of the washer on the screw shank.

asoasss I The solenoid 258 which controls the locking Ill so that the assembly mechanism willnot be operated by the ram '22 if the washer feeding means fails to deliver a washer to the point of .assembly. Whenever the pin 2 is withdrawn from the opening 2", the ram 22 moves idly up and down along thesleeve 250' without eifecting an actuation of this sleeve. The washer sensing pin 2" is controlled by a washer sensing device device "4 comprises a resilient strip I having a bent end portion 300 engaging with a washer I positioned in a recess lllcf the washer feed disc I22 at the point of assembly,- and adaptedto move inwardly of the recess as shown in Fig. 10-

if such recess does not contain 'a washer at the .1 point, of assembly. Upon inward movement of theresilient strip lilifrom the position shown :in Fig. 9 to the position shownin Fig. 10, the

resilient strip moves a shii'tablecontact mem- ,ber ill into engagement with a 'flxed contact member 2, the contactmembers'iil and "2' being connected in series with the "solenoid 2i! and a source of electrical supply not shown, so that. upon closing of the contact members,

- the solenoid 2" will be energized.

, Operation of. the assembly mechanism 4 a substantially. as follows: Upon upward movement screw, following'which the ram or' plunger 2|! The operation of the assembly mechanisin'is of the ram 22. of the punch press the ram orplunger 2i, the sleeve 228, and the slide bar 20! with the Jaw members. 2" carried by-saidbar are brought to the position illustratedin Fig. 13, in which position the upper surface of. the jaws 2" lie in the plane or just below the plane of the upper edges of the guide bars ill and I of the guidingand feeding chute O. In

shoulder 2 of the sleeve 23' engages the -shoulder 222 of the slide bar 203 and the lower nut of the clamping and adjusting nuts 214 is spaced slightlyabove the upperend of the slide bar 2".

- The foremost screw at the lower end of the guide ;wardly a limited distance relative to the slide bar 20I- so that th'eplunger contacts the head oi the screw and theclamping and adjusting nuts 214 engage the upper edge of this'slide bar 2. Upon continued downward movement of the ram 22, the slide bar 206 is moved downthis position the iawmembers are closed. the j ram or plunger2ii at its lower edge is spaced slightly above the head of the screw, the annular to screw-releasing position against the force of the springs 242 while the ram or plunger 2|! completes it downward movement to ram or press theprotuberances 228 of the retaining sec-- tion 222 of the screw into the material of the lock washer. and the head of the screw down upon the lock washer, or in respect to the modi-' ilcation-shown in Fig. 1'1, to ram or press the retaining section 2 upon the die block 2",

thereby forming the annular, retaining lip 2".

i Operation of the machine y The operation of the machine will'be apparent from the foregoing detailed description of'the construction and operation of the several parts thereof. It may, however, be generally noted that screws. arefed by the intermittently oper ated band ll throughftheupper end of the chute 1 8 whence they gravitate in succession toward the assembly mechanism l6. Washers dumped or disc l2! and the shell I32 are fed in succession from the mass at the rear of the shell by the intermittently operated disc I28 and by said disc are brought in succession to a position in the plane of .the path of movement of the jaw memhex-2'20. of theassemblymechanism and for a definite time interval are retained in said posi-. tion, lying also in the plane of, the path of movemerit of the screws down the chute, 8. The screws are successively picked up by the Jaw members 200' of the assembly mechanism and are carried jrnassed within the hopper formed by the feed' downwardly by these members and inserted into the washer at the assembly point and a partial insertion of a screw'having been eflected, the.

jaw members are moved oppositely to release a continues itsdownward movement to ram or press the screw ,into' iinal assembled, remain with the washer, which in its final assembled I position is located just belowthe head of-the screw. From the assembly point the feed disc 12!- moves the assembled units in succession along the guide chute formed by the circumferentially relieved surface of the ring I20 and the arcuate bar I until the screw becomes aligned with the discharge chute l4 andthe shank of the 'screw. is received between the spaced bars m and m of the chute. Thereafter as the disc I 22 movesgtheflassembied-units are withdrawn from'the disc by, the bar I" which. engaging the shank of the screw element, in eil'ect moves the screw element radially with respect to the disc was to remove the washer from the recess ill feeding of a screw thereby to the disc I2. is pre of the disc.

Operation of the assembly mechanism and the vented if the disc fails to carry a washer to the wardly in unison with the plunger 2" and the sleeve 236 to carry the screw downwardly and to insert the shank thereof through the aperture in the washer. As the ram or plunger 2l8, the

1 sleeve 235. and the slide bar 206 approach their lower limit of movement, the set screws 2 engage the arms 2iiof the jaw members 20!,

thereby rotating these jaw members oppositely point of assembly as previously described. If for any reason a screw is not delivered to the assembly mechanism, the washer which may at that instant be positioned at the point of assembly is not extracted from the disc, but remains in its recess. ill during the next revolution of the disc and is returned to the point of assembly.

. Changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the-parts without departing from the spirit of the invention or sac-' riilcing any of its attendant advantages, and the right is hereby reserved to makeall such. changes as fairly fall within'the scope of the following claims.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows: 1. In amachine for assembling screw and ing thereafter carried along said to said discharge pointas said section is rotated,

washer elements, a container 'rorlreceiving a heterogeneous mass of elements, of one kind, a

' section of one wall of said container being movasoaaas section along said guide means,

' 4. A'machine for assembling screw elements and washers, includinga washer feeding hopper able --in association with said elements in. said containenthence to a point .of assembly and- 4 thence to .a point of discharge, a plurality of means on said section, each constructedandmrranged for selecting a single element from said mass and forcarrying the same from the mass in said container to said point of assembly andthence to said point of discharge as-said section .is moved, mechanism for .teeding elements oi,-

the other kind to a position adjacent the path" or m'ovement'of the shittable wall section to lo- I cate the same successively at the point of asv sembly, means for shittingthfe elements as they discharge by said section, and means located at said point of discharge whereby said elements are discharged fromsaid section.

2. In a machine for assembling screw andl washer elements comprisinga container for receiving a heterogeneous mass of washer elemen s a section of one wall of said container being -movable in association with said washers in said container, thence to a point of assembly, and thence to a point of discharge, a plurality of means on said section, each constructed and arranged-for selecting a-Isingle washer. element] from-said mass. and for carrying said washerelements from the mass in'said container to sad point of assembly and thence to said point of discharge as said section is moved, mechan sm one 'of said recesses-means point and thence to comprising an annular washer retaining wall, a rotatable member within member being adapted receiving recesses formed'in' its outeredge, said hopper beins'constructedto influence vthe mass of, washers awayfrom a'predetermine'd location in said hopper, to which location said mm. -.able means can feed a single washer located inf to ,move' said rotat direction, means at I able means in a rotational said location for projecting a screw element into association with a washer so located, and means -tangentially retracting finished assemblies from said recesses, a portion of said annular retaining wall being relie ved topermit said'tangential retraction r the finished assemblies from said recesses.

5. In a, machine for assembling washers o'n i'astener elements, a rotary disc having angularly spaced washer receiving recesses in a surface rotation 'for receiving and 'normal'toits axis of carrying the washers in succession to an assembly a single washer in a circular path as the disc .is rotated'and constructed to release the washer. -by substantially radial movement, a fastener elemerit holder mounted at the assembly point' for rectilinear. movement in a direction to carry the fastener element. substantially parallel .to the for feeding screw-elements to a position adja-- cent the path of movement of the movable wall section of the container to locate the same suc- "cesslvely at the pointof assembly,v assembly means for shifting the screw elements as they are so located into telescoped relation with the washer elements that are brought successively to said point of assembly by said section, -the,tele-,

scoped elements being thereafter carried to said or the discat this 40 point of discharge by said section, and means disc having a plurality of means, each conlocated at said point of discharge whereby said elements are discharged from said section,

. 3. A machine for. asseinblingscrew elements and washers, which comprises a guide means having spaced parts receiving therebetween' the shanks of scre'welem'ents, assembly means inserting the shanks of said screw elements be-' tween the parts of said guide means, container means for receivinga heterogeneous mass of washers and Having a wall section rotatable in association with the washers in said container in one rotational direction to convey said washers to a point of assembly and thence to a point of discharge. a plurality of means on said section, each constructed and arranged". for selecting a single washer Yiom said mass and for carrying said washers successi'velyas'the section is rotated into positions at the assembly point with the r apertures aligned with the space between the parts 'of said guide means for telescopically re ceiving the screw elements as they are inserted by said'assembly means between the parts of said guide'means, the telescope'd elements beguide means said guide means being constructed 'and arranged to extract the assembled screw and washer elements from said section as the teleaxis of rotation of fastener element with the washer held in a recess point, and means for imparting substantially radial movement to-the washers in the recesses oi. the disc as they are broughtby I the disc to the i assembled "elements" discharge point to discharge the from the 'disc'at said dischargepoint. g 1 6. In a machine for assembling washer elements with screw elements, :a, movable carrier structed and arranged for receiving a singleielement of one kind and for carrying the same to an assembly point and thence to a point of dis.- charge as the disc is moved, means at the assembly point for successively telescoping complementary elements of the other kind into the ele-' ments that are brought successively to said point of assembly by'th'e carrier discfthetelescoped elements being thereafter carried-to said point of discharge by said disc, and ejecting means pro-. viding an abutment surface positioned-to engage one, element of each pair 01" assembled elements as they are conveyed by the disc tromthe assembly point to the discharge point and constructed .and arranged to extract the assembled elements at the discharge point from the receiving means on the carrier disc, said abutment surface beinr;

positioned to clear -unassembled elements in the element receiving means, on the carrier disc.

7. In a machine for assembling washer elef ments on screw elements, a, carrier disc having 1 a peripheral recesses each for receiving a single washer, and each opening outwardly of the perip'hery of the disc to'release the washer by substantially radial movement, said disc carrying the received washers successively to an -assemmy point and thence to a discharge point, means for telescoping screw elements into the washers scoped elements are thereafter carried by said said wall, said rotatable to rotate beneath the,

washers that are confined by said retaining wall and .havingradially outwardly opening washer a point oi'discharge, each recess being. constructed and arranged to carry the disc for telescoping the I I in the recesses of disc, the telescoped vey the washers the disc at the assembly point, and means providing an abutment surface positioned to engagethe assembled screw elements recesses of the disc whereby to eject the assem-- bled elements irom the disc as the disc carries the same to the discharge point.

8. In a machine for assembling screw and rotatable washer elements, a'washer feed disc having recesses therein for receiving washers to be assembled, means for rotating said disc to carry the washers to an.assembly location and thence to a point oi discharge, said recesses being constructed and arranged each to receive and carry a single washer to s'aidassembly location and thence to said point of discharge, means at the assembly location for successively telescoping said assembly point and thence to said discharge point as said second wall member is rotated, means for feeding screws to a position adjacent the path of movement of the rotatable wall memher to locate the screws successively at the point of assembly, means for shifting the screws as they are so located into telescoped relation with the washers that are brought successively to said point of assembly by said rotatable wall member, and means located at said point of discharge for ejecting the assembled elements from said rotatable wall member. l I

11.,In a machine for manufacturing combined screw and washer units, an assembly mechanism, a washer hopper comprising .a wall section inclined downwardly from the assembly mechanism and a'wall section extending upwardly from thewall section to retain the washers on the wall section, the inclination of the wall section influencing a mass of washers received in the hopper away from the assemblymechanism said conveying wall section being movable in asscrews into the washers that are brought successively to said carried to said point of discharge by said'disc,

, and ejecting means at the discharge point and assembly location by said teed.

elements being thereafter ing wall section, -io1 selecting a single washer irom' the mass and for carrying the washers so received successively positioned-to engage the-screw of an assembled carried by said feed disc and arranged to direct the assembled elements out'oi the recesses of the feed disc as assembled elements are .car-

' I ried by the disc to the discharge point.

' 9. In a machine for assembling screw elements and washers which comprises a guide means having spaced parts receiving therebetween the shanks of screw elements for guiding the screwelements along a predetermined path, screw and washer assembly means" including mechanism for inserting the shanks of said screw elements betweenthe parts of said guide means, a rotatable conveyor having a plurality oi annularly arranged recesses each for receiving a single washensaid recesses having. sides opening outwardly of the conveyor to release the washers when moved through the open sides of the receases, said conveyor being constructed to conto an assembled location with the apertures aligned with the space between the parts of said guide means for assembly with the screw elements as the'screw elements are carried toward said guide by said mechanism to insert their .shanks between said parts, said conveyor being arranged to carry ,the assembled screw and washer elements alongsaid guide means from said assembly location, a part 01 said guide means being arranged to engage the shanks of said screw elements as the assembled elements are moved by said conveyor from the assembly position along said extract the assembled elements through the open sides 0! the recesses of the conveyor.

. 10, A machine for assembling screw. and washer elements, comprising a screw andwasher assembly means, a hopper for receiving a mass of washers and having a first wall member constructed to receive and'to confine the mass of washers and a second wall member rotatable beneath the mass of washers confined by said first wall member for conveying washers to an assembly point and thence to a point of discharge, said rotatable wall member'having a. plurality of pockets, each constructedmnd arranged for selecting a single washer'irom'the mass of washers and for carrying the washers in succession to washer so located, a

washers, a washer conveyor, a plurality oi washer I guide means and sociation with the washers in said hopper to carry the washers to theassembiy. mechanism and having a plurality of means on said conveyeach constructed and arranged to the assembly mechanism as the conveying wall section is moved, and means for movin said wall section and operating saidassembly mechanism comprising an annular washer retaining wall, and a rotatable member within said retainin wall, said rotatable member being adapted to rotate beneath the washers that are confined by said retainer wall and having washer. receiving recesses formed adJacent its guter edge, said hopper being constructed to influence the mass of washers away from a predetermined location in said hopper, to'which location said rotatable member can feed a'single washer located in one of said recesses, means at said location for projecting a screw element into association with a portion of said annular revtaining wall being relieved to permit retraction oi. the finished assemblies from the recesses.

13. In,-a mechanism for assembling screws and holders on the conveyor, each constructed and arranged to receive and carry'a single washer along a predetermined path upon movement of the conveyor and constructed to release the washer by movement transversely oi said path,

said conveyor carrying the washers to an assembly location and thence to a point of discharge, means at the assembly location to pass the shank of a screw element. through each washer when brought in its holder to said location by said conveyor, and a guide at said location to receive the shank of said screw element as it is passed by said means through the washer in a holder at said location, said guide extending to said point of discharge at an angle to said path along which the washers in said holders are carried to said point oi discharge upon move- A ment of the conveyor so that as the screws are carried along said guide, the'guide pulls the assembled units transversely of said path and out 01 the holders.

- CARL G. OLSON. 

